{"id":"W2070019648","doi":"10.1145/1978542.1978569","title":"Cyberwarfare","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Communications of the ACM","topic":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University at Albany; University of Toronto; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Cyberwarfare; Offensive; Hacker; Espionage; Disinformation; Political science; Computer security; China; Battlefield; Law and economics; Law; Computer science; History; Operations research; Engineering; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008993269,0.0007921951,0.0003680415,0.001544104,0.00202817,0.004503689,0.0007849823,0.00160456,0.03437852],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003677169,0.0001858648,0.0003696171,0.001013466,0.003006599,0.003634942,0.00321559,0.001635235,0.011447],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001090802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001828313,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001044399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001176491,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980196,0.0003646365,0.0001054519,0.0003027848,0.000918011,0.0002896318],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984189,0.0003402989,0.0002629168,0.0004818787,0.0003287383,0.0001672135],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006103165,0.0001157967,0.004308179,0.0008270153,0.00004671977,0.000694862,0.002795229,0.0006134048,0.002478533,0.5320764,0.1153109,0.340672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008495167,0.00006418647,0.003000752,0.0005456,0.0000093143,0.001575697,0.0009434436,0.0002179059,0.001442941,0.03847687,0.9536962,0.00001863271],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0169385,0.009040721,0.01630168,0.005850911,0.001766512,0.0002964807,0.0004197588,0.0004302224,0.9489552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4952232,0.02284831,0.01480821,0.007795315,0.001575686,0.0003466964,0.001391469,0.0002018697,0.4558092],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03437852,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1150076,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09912370926563129,"score_gpt":0.2934110457055475,"score_spread":0.1942873364399162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}