{"id":"W2071272080","doi":"10.1118/1.4735076","title":"SU‐E‐T‐22: Is the Residual Range a Universal Quantity to Specify the Quality of Modulated Proton Beams?","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Medical Physics","topic":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Sobp; Stopping power; Proton; Proton therapy; Range (aeronautics); Physics; Residual; Bragg peak; Particle therapy; Beam (structure); Scattering; Spectral line; Atomic physics; Computational physics; Nuclear physics; Materials science; Mathematics; Optics; Detector","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002416549,0.0006398545,0.0005363423,0.0005556202,0.0002535385,0.001041179,0.001139029,0.0009307089,0.0030313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01112204,0.0002440359,0.0006304826,0.0005049471,0.001188705,0.001598406,0.0008264092,0.0006551772,0.0004616389],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005525147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005456247,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001350065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007944982,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989567,0.0003486175,0.00006992873,0.0001646438,0.0003691773,0.00009093052],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954668,0.002347321,0.0006537728,0.000738812,0.0006471534,0.0001461258],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002440259,0.0002003449,0.05405935,0.001567081,0.0004376318,0.000696202,0.0004579207,0.5824431,0.102703,0.05555796,0.005459661,0.1939776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000994536,0.0007801838,0.01149855,0.0001244483,0.0001073151,0.0005252798,0.00007730887,0.8874147,0.08021431,0.01425802,0.004789525,0.0001108026],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5523252,0.002402306,0.4160417,0.0004745573,0.0001538791,0.0001352276,0.001223702,0.004054114,0.02318931],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9698231,0.0001810696,0.0282433,0.00009625179,0.00001518853,0.00006831748,0.0005107068,0.0004796895,0.0005825058],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01278007,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05148002005847241,"score_gpt":0.3490166608577825,"score_spread":0.2975366407993101,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}