{"id":"W2071318150","doi":"10.1002/tea.1031","title":"Learning science through technological design","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Research in Science Teaching","topic":"Science Education and Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":199,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Science education; Mathematics education; Curriculum; Science, technology, society and environment education; Learning sciences; Computer science; Sociology; Educational technology; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Pedagogy; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.1812353,0.00007777664,0.0001634879,0.002329452,0.00584735,0.0008479693,0.003162378,0.00006092906,0.0001280249],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04881018,0.00006072018,0.00004341625,0.009670457,0.01546841,0.00383921,0.0002321462,0.002754309,0.00003250825],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001087074,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007455136,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006769317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005916288,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9908136,0.002002005,0.0004221428,0.0003653149,0.005079113,0.001317862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963733,0.00176232,0.0002076633,0.000209615,0.001059305,0.0003878017],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007824152,0.000506338,0.1363595,0.000006169716,0.00000301058,0.0003263958,0.1946048,0.002458771,0.04326089,0.3084164,0.0006220437,0.3133575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006047744,0.0009689197,0.02110342,0.0003616654,0.000003184981,0.0004455913,0.7056279,0.002358973,0.002632988,0.09028485,0.1751968,0.000410879],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9031941,0.0001221137,0.006379388,0.01522194,0.0006050386,0.0001751773,3.92131e-8,0.00003680727,0.07426543],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9867107,0.0003039935,0.0121628,0.00007708555,0.0002528501,0.000002851761,1.241536e-8,0.000003546197,0.0004861887],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5110232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995463,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4950982318202393,"score_gpt":0.6152720530086239,"score_spread":0.1201738211883846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}