{"id":"W2072240952","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.04.044","title":"A critical review of photovoltaic–thermal solar collectors for air heating","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Applied Energy","topic":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":373,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Delaware","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector; Solar energy; Thermal; Environmental science; Process engineering; Photovoltaics; Engineering physics; Architectural engineering; Engineering; Meteorology; Electrical engineering; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007263841,0.00113729,0.001445756,0.002587206,0.0003262917,0.0009705995,0.001238311,0.001092592,0.00496504],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008365015,0.0004819329,0.0006783049,0.003107485,0.0004352578,0.001858185,0.0006520653,0.001346609,0.002263644],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009131495,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007458698,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001895167,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999742,0.00004027643,0.00005080059,0.00005328001,0.00009332394,0.00002032451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999545,0.0002333773,0.00005831339,0.00001565492,0.0001274804,0.00002009304],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007028547,0.00008530713,0.0001288953,0.03460908,0.000108725,0.0001673217,0.00004556539,0.0003641786,0.003847484,0.003804079,0.03674031,0.9200287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001231059,0.00009217161,0.0005495532,0.003451766,0.0001107192,0.0008083622,0.00003690796,0.00009208314,0.001272891,0.00109167,0.9924615,0.0000201005],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00009974794,0.9984267,0.0001852807,0.0001142127,0.0003068301,0.000004663463,0.00001371233,0.000004128437,0.0008448787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006614185,0.9977779,0.0003158653,0.0001633268,0.0003371456,0.000006103089,0.00002787886,0.000002293052,0.0007082111],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00496504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01660973,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05243097749293023,"score_gpt":0.2949268529319426,"score_spread":0.2424958754390124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}