{"id":"W2073694979","doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61086-2","title":"Challenges in evaluating surgical innovation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Lancet","topic":"Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes","field":"Medicine","cited_by":652,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University Health Centre","funders":"","keywords":"Surgical procedures; Psychological intervention; Medicine; Management science; Surgery; Nursing; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.2362628,0.001053718,0.00368946,0.01401896,0.003537326,0.02018625,0.005738131,0.007381608,0.005579068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.5773097,0.0005394298,0.001306244,0.01071187,0.01679433,0.02665961,0.01010475,0.008102765,0.001239978],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01153933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03611089,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.018676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02556152,"domain_scores_codex":[0.8042125,0.1303557,0.02077503,0.006232841,0.03407587,0.004348105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.328319,0.5346502,0.03462693,0.0144666,0.07653468,0.01140269],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005204719,0.0004504244,0.1300161,0.003332038,0.00104115,0.000542018,0.008342931,0.00384184,0.0002056433,0.2094615,0.1304715,0.5117745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003674735,0.0005905495,0.0385555,0.007894795,0.0005225609,0.0005881182,0.02680937,0.008425023,0.0006785315,0.7890368,0.1262277,0.0003035616],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.03414025,0.06276418,0.01504163,0.8313942,0.009618932,0.0003244697,0.0008457701,0.0001230926,0.04574747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8130198,0.0338478,0.04793261,0.07750441,0.02351583,0.0009083544,0.000699972,0.00009635842,0.002474859],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7637372,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.941824,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.191191026896369,"score_gpt":0.3993324492790387,"score_spread":0.2081414223826696,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}