{"id":"W2074893592","doi":"10.1029/2009gl037946","title":"Can cosmic rays affect cloud condensation nuclei by altering new particle formation rates?","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geophysical Research Letters","topic":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":161,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Cosmic ray; Cloud condensation nuclei; Aerosol; Cloud cover; Atmospheric sciences; Physics; Flux (metallurgy); Particle (ecology); Astrophysics; Environmental science; Cloud computing; Meteorology; Geology; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003131925,0.0001272009,0.0001300234,0.000002460906,0.0002641972,0.0001083312,0.0002431185,0.00004098285,0.0004089549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006129874,0.0001156872,0.00005635124,0.0003502256,0.00017668,0.0003307338,0.0001000777,0.0002824781,0.001068021],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003003209,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001339672,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001143042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003043634,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980012,0.0001526673,0.0001655097,0.000297234,0.0007241599,0.0006592813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993356,0.00009886992,0.00004425011,0.0002378262,0.00001023551,0.0002732399],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003894041,0.0000589574,0.0008099448,0.000003498207,0.000004018798,0.000008244357,0.000433528,0.0003150898,0.8854971,0.0002363551,0.09852569,0.01406864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004258161,0.002267217,0.3785063,0.0001041179,0.00003862847,0.00001860884,0.0007828751,0.08626233,0.4848741,0.01671656,0.02462042,0.001550636],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.982564,0.0000114402,0.002256295,0.01416374,0.0000511126,0.0002768117,0.00000264091,0.00005036373,0.0006235407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963226,0.000008424059,0.0002172808,0.002680653,0.0001787102,0.00001211757,0.00001235698,0.00001237062,0.0005554698],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.400623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997098,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02524607470405078,"score_gpt":0.2972073887875738,"score_spread":0.271961314083523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}