{"id":"W2075369303","doi":"10.1021/es030566y","title":"Influence of Natural Organic Matter Source on Copper Speciation As Demonstrated by Cu Binding to Fish Gills, by Ion Selective Electrode, and by DGT Gel Sampler","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":118,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; Wilfrid Laurier University; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Gill; Rainbow trout; Biotic Ligand Model; Copper; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Trout; Diffusive gradients in thin films; Dissolved organic carbon; Metal; Bioavailability; Genetic algorithm; Metal ions in aqueous solution; Organic matter; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Ecology; Fishery; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001347707,0.0003230673,0.0002096101,0.0001736382,0.0002333338,0.0003000174,0.0001817483,0.0002441353,0.0009837234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003802994,0.000219043,0.0001394385,0.0001070805,0.0004149921,0.0001581117,0.0002871099,0.0001817193,0.0001636564],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005572219,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000358948,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007111651,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01827608,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998361,0.00003395346,0.00001021853,0.00004958797,0.0000389278,0.00003112781],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997576,0.00007382738,0.00006424273,0.00001627603,0.00005387287,0.00003419248],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003578759,0.00001262761,0.005048845,0.00003047214,0.00001422366,0.00003230162,0.00004160641,0.0001083052,0.9934584,0.00001182346,0.00001585057,0.0008676537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002377275,0.001450676,0.1556174,0.000006400864,0.00005883004,0.0001448135,0.0001838138,0.001200285,0.840533,0.00007210943,0.0006953577,0.00001353023],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989473,0.0001286487,0.0004152261,0.00001814906,0.000003774048,0.000009125748,0.00009405097,0.00000870922,0.0003750118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974774,0.0001530437,0.001193622,0.00003751224,0.000003684134,0.00001593881,0.0002137843,0.000008113728,0.0008969515],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007111651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01414049,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.001856818349888623,"score_gpt":0.1880914308234763,"score_spread":0.1862346124735876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}