{"id":"W2076306831","doi":"10.3138/gsp.3.3.353","title":"Counteracting Hate Speech as a Way of Preventing Genocidal Violence","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Genocide Studies and Prevention","topic":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Genocide; Incitement; Hatred; Criminology; Ethnic group; Racism; Political science; Psychology; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005056601,0.0001463189,0.0002393251,0.00007584059,0.0004437614,0.0000340155,0.0001934845,0.00004896423,0.00001006967],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009338042,0.0001367119,0.0000958599,0.0002243781,0.00007204281,0.0004152072,0.0002389634,0.000118242,0.0000181711],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003242655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003077724,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001219953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002398774,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987039,0.00009412186,0.0003489485,0.0003428403,0.0002504022,0.0002597895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992175,0.00007313391,0.000268935,0.0002280843,0.0001622064,0.00005014698],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002426572,0.00001005162,0.0005599878,0.0001727822,0.0001819373,0.00005022275,0.004632044,0.00002881053,0.01398991,0.001037705,0.000104656,0.9792076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003474321,0.002652883,0.05278311,0.003589851,0.0002703459,0.003539127,0.007001617,0.001762846,0.333649,0.58289,0.006406908,0.001980061],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8944256,0.005917652,0.09765846,0.0001195363,0.0004316333,0.0002714038,0.000001010093,0.00009738333,0.001077307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8982129,0.004948716,0.09579867,0.00005364072,0.0001012748,0.00001781277,0.000001547389,0.000009446881,0.000855972],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9772276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.557495,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0276719836111612,"score_gpt":0.2865003012955591,"score_spread":0.258828317684398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}