{"id":"W2077204796","doi":"10.1016/j.econlet.2004.02.002","title":"The welfare cost of inflation in Canada and the United States","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Economics Letters","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Welfare; Inflation (cosmology); Macroeconomics; Monetary economics; Econometrics; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004666391,0.0001001522,0.0002359108,0.00009870988,0.0001230076,0.00004614116,0.000177462,0.00002560236,0.00002355578],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003649556,0.00008178666,0.00003711442,0.00007343345,0.0001423465,0.0001274975,0.00003339012,0.0001108926,0.0000121646],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000430455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003543599,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.930021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.801921,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990436,0.00001487671,0.0005549329,0.0001569595,0.000008631378,0.0002210002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992761,0.0001495787,0.0003039363,0.0002282264,0.00000270055,0.00003945381],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009982222,0.000006985277,0.1041984,0.00001055679,0.00007208628,0.000001096106,0.00115605,0.7158486,0.000001402728,0.1776014,0.000459349,0.0005442316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009271026,0.00003493762,0.6512911,0.00002172781,0.00001258071,0.00001248444,0.001189664,0.1342608,0.0001070415,0.06164434,0.1415133,0.000640985],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.960311,0.0001892189,0.00005452033,0.03856784,0.000176129,0.0001988667,0.00009794056,0.000002990746,0.000401499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956353,0.0007054817,0.00002776416,0.003535759,0.00003098675,0.00001366357,0.00002740002,0.00001032721,0.00001335629],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5815877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3335163,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01945885040885622,"score_gpt":0.1704925093666411,"score_spread":0.1510336589577849,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}