{"id":"W2077292017","doi":"10.1680/gein.2010.17.3.112","title":"Permeability and internal erosion of a GCL beneath coarse gravel","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geosynthetics International","topic":"Landfill Environmental Impact Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Geosynthetic clay liner; Geosynthetics; Internal erosion; Geotechnical engineering; Geomembrane; Geotextile; Erosion; Geology; Hydraulic conductivity; Permeability (electromagnetism); Compaction; Bentonite; Hydraulic head; Materials science; Levee; Soil science; Geomorphology; Soil water","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002666898,0.0003190362,0.0002584008,0.0002844694,0.0002305751,0.0003422694,0.0002414993,0.0003592591,0.001250649],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005110845,0.000129496,0.0001490602,0.0001604711,0.0004128526,0.0002776612,0.0003181406,0.0003372274,0.0001495253],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003301949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001335255,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001772273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002013616,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998032,0.0000218965,0.00001403696,0.00004359223,0.00006284445,0.0000544387],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996258,0.0001244632,0.000103822,0.00002005132,0.0000634697,0.00006239965],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000292279,0.00003433734,0.002740221,0.00002909465,0.000007572233,0.000145181,0.0001152845,0.0005103654,0.9946023,0.00001542683,0.00001222709,0.001495698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025865,0.001400098,0.0368694,0.000008570793,0.00002509323,0.000127117,0.0001380381,0.003231417,0.9578174,0.00001533348,0.000328667,0.00001296458],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.99962,0.00001308067,0.0002297454,0.000002988745,9.180447e-7,0.000003681418,0.00002876391,0.00001162231,0.00008920459],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994268,0.00001031963,0.0002952713,0.000005818238,6.426645e-7,0.000002935504,0.00004738775,0.000003774765,0.000207121],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001772273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004183829,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006239765637063703,"score_gpt":0.2280507210611873,"score_spread":0.2218109554241236,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}