{"id":"W2078088950","doi":"10.1007/s11069-012-0168-7","title":"Comparison of the Canadian and US tornado detection and warning systems","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Hazards","topic":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej","keywords":"Tornado; Warning system; Natural hazard; Computer security; Computer science; Severe weather; Meteorology; Geography; Telecommunications; Storm","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001762861,0.0005753313,0.0004191883,0.001100168,0.001272279,0.00152134,0.001353983,0.0004957923,0.003614792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008110634,0.0003044693,0.0006129385,0.002077733,0.0004576251,0.000639305,0.0005436769,0.0006683341,0.0002793797],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02516172,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03322496,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9908115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9916568,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992767,0.0001406633,0.00002868542,0.00008843454,0.0002501301,0.0002153441],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960887,0.0008373461,0.0001495333,0.00008917579,0.002562263,0.0002729682],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001496779,0.0003054389,0.1188867,0.0002147462,0.0003106672,0.00008716979,0.0003137079,0.7874986,0.001014362,0.009245425,0.02241473,0.05821167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005189941,0.0002032776,0.1809329,0.00006726509,0.0003891355,0.00004297222,0.001160525,0.7967904,0.002605648,0.001504922,0.01562776,0.0001562625],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9465161,0.000610535,0.00458499,0.003026121,0.0001937697,0.0001510653,0.01313032,0.0004883825,0.03129872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886515,0.0002963323,0.003621638,0.0001397891,0.00001363634,0.00003395181,0.00376997,0.00004050597,0.003432667],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02516172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.182562,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02425048013045428,"score_gpt":0.2537492506093041,"score_spread":0.2294987704788498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}