{"id":"W2078487701","doi":"10.1016/s0378-4266(00)00107-2","title":"Dual class firms: Capitalization, ownership structure and recapitalization back into single class","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Banking & Finance","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Voting; Corporate governance; Shareholder; Equity (law); Capitalization; Recapitalization; Dual (grammatical number); Business; Initial public offering; Leverage (statistics); Market capitalization; Monetary economics; Financial economics; Economics; Finance; Stock market; Political science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002578193,0.0002105255,0.0003007976,0.0001801663,0.0001783413,0.0002801,0.000203308,0.0001199051,0.000138209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001409066,0.0001865827,0.00007289094,0.0006719885,0.00007696995,0.002215482,0.00006070067,0.0002033515,0.00002447349],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008297813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004758003,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006726517,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001851191,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985936,0.00001448539,0.0005445092,0.0002337569,0.0003584943,0.0002551211],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979376,0.00003037968,0.001368819,0.0001812319,0.0004682114,0.00001372154],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005967479,0.0003532156,0.7918051,0.0007194953,0.0001119662,0.0005195088,0.001430988,0.01025248,0.007297396,0.06225986,0.06972498,0.0549283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001938264,0.0001420201,0.3280517,0.0009133863,0.0001014986,0.0002242096,0.0001317073,0.00347393,0.0003954187,0.04140843,0.6225707,0.0006487938],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918932,0.001108755,0.003143648,0.00179561,0.0007349972,0.0001053587,0.000003226106,0.00002057163,0.001194592],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958568,0.0004263541,0.0005672051,0.001112704,0.001536941,0.000001079911,0.00001163117,0.00003067441,0.0004566683],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5528457,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7608622,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01540230258238904,"score_gpt":0.2060381502400275,"score_spread":0.1906358476576385,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}