{"id":"W2078776916","doi":"10.1525/hsps.2005.35.2.341","title":"After the famine: Plant pathology, Phytophthora infestans, and the late blight of potatoes, 1845–1960","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences","topic":"Plant Pathogens and Resistance","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Blight; Famine; Phytophthora infestans; Germplasm; Biology; History; Agronomy; Archaeology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000971167,0.0001654704,0.0003505473,0.000007496551,0.0005833132,0.00003132931,0.0004451867,0.00005981475,0.000005469492],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000155547,0.00002978526,0.00008834086,0.0004142331,0.003405399,0.00005072437,0.0002299084,0.0001946051,0.000002111615],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002771339,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003250368,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000566137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002389724,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985511,0.0003743292,0.000240072,0.0002961737,0.000237534,0.0003008006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997824,0.001948312,0.000100045,0.00006223579,0.00002538707,0.00004000842],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005053493,0.004516016,0.2083788,0.000165259,0.0003145114,0.0004237865,0.02221123,0.00005093494,0.2907512,0.147717,0.01154789,0.3088699],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006819062,0.001589344,0.8543655,0.00007504857,0.00006637086,0.000144294,0.003821888,0.0002800801,0.0002729212,0.02186278,0.1163117,0.000528225],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9722208,0.01420824,5.651171e-7,0.01282055,0.00008933414,0.0001812238,0.0000404163,0.00001073479,0.0004280768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947171,0.004091622,0.00002344323,0.000759961,0.0002650133,0.00004489497,0.000001755131,3.76824e-7,0.0000958356],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6459866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993067,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04078269764915001,"score_gpt":0.2464724806745986,"score_spread":0.2056897830254486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}