{"id":"W2078780265","doi":"10.1115/1.1287267","title":"Rough Wall Turbulent Boundary Layers in Shallow Open Channel Flow","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":147,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Turbulence; Boundary layer; Mechanics; Open-channel flow; Boundary layer thickness; Surface roughness; Reynolds number; Surface finish; Flow (mathematics); Wake; Turbulence kinetic energy; Materials science; Geometry; Geology; Optics; Physics; Mathematics; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001304679,0.0001447511,0.0002064248,0.0003306889,0.0002961908,0.0003780377,0.00008677931,0.0002100513,0.0002912814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005965352,0.0001427922,0.0001177474,0.0001307295,0.0005585132,0.0003050702,0.0002928933,0.0001851897,0.00004041045],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002869038,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002120011,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001809692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001103358,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999136,0.00001213984,0.00000531155,0.00001273762,0.00002553681,0.00003064251],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997564,0.00007749735,0.00007115533,0.00001276376,0.00003118912,0.00005099967],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008701648,0.0001464709,0.02112979,0.00009344274,0.00002110118,0.0004780038,0.0003757019,0.03442583,0.9293513,0.001490749,0.0001191261,0.01149847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003255332,0.001900537,0.4342477,0.00007360641,0.0001186402,0.000457901,0.0008287788,0.28351,0.2713926,0.005463661,0.001503137,0.000178007],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989582,0.00005181651,0.0007909873,0.000004274165,0.000002233616,0.000003714348,0.00001048945,0.00001180748,0.0001664255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999561,0.0000243529,0.0003079912,0.000002923967,0.000001258309,0.000001953642,0.00001623739,0.000001445943,0.00008280062],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001809692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003598392,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008555663351509441,"score_gpt":0.211302401605596,"score_spread":0.2027467382540866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}