{"id":"W2079081492","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2012.02.014","title":"Landscape and field characteristics affecting winter waterfowl grazing damage to agricultural perennial forage crops on the lower Fraser River delta, BC, Canada","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Crop Protection","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Waterfowl; Perennial plant; Agronomy; Grazing; Forage; Agriculture; Winter wheat; Delta; Agroforestry; Ecology; Habitat","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002625162,0.0001711462,0.0002426531,0.001241021,0.001599754,0.000842597,0.0007742942,0.0002199569,0.001908423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009950892,0.0002070987,0.0002049199,0.001930705,0.0007196228,0.0002478269,0.0003719731,0.000251607,0.0001527143],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.009271311,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006123605,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9808162,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9968433,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997373,0.00002937213,0.00001512363,0.00003924627,0.00006974845,0.0001092123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986357,0.0001490656,0.0002388526,0.0000324922,0.0005478539,0.0003961046],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009570487,0.00003855496,0.9930516,0.00001665717,0.00004682529,0.0001405653,0.000738578,0.0002985077,0.0007521478,0.00007654426,0.0006277703,0.004116447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001103046,0.000004676059,0.9990766,0.000005031533,0.000004610114,0.00002849429,0.0006321889,0.00007496966,0.00001807742,0.000006336797,0.0001462945,0.000001668051],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984809,0.0001016696,0.00002559446,0.00002824187,0.000001899038,0.000006130053,0.0004150694,0.000002539435,0.0009380278],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986319,0.0001006915,0.00005283046,0.00001345226,0.000001293683,0.000003851439,0.0003274381,0.000002415411,0.0008661782],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01918381,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06726837,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008208511740580626,"score_gpt":0.1905592800275799,"score_spread":0.1823507682869993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}