{"id":"W2079493337","doi":"10.1080/13504630.2013.842674","title":"The ‘headrag tax’: impossible laws and their symbolic and material consequences","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Social Identities","topic":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Parliament; Law; Sociology; Immigration; Power (physics); Public sphere; Islam; Political science; Politics; History","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003453053,0.00008185797,0.0001057243,0.00002646896,0.002407762,0.001267715,0.0001031959,0.00008018193,0.0001967639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008378926,0.00005387299,0.00002994907,0.00007003824,0.001450621,0.0006017744,0.00002534489,0.00005589115,0.00001720085],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002777486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009477885,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02288214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0487899,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992149,0.0001804395,0.0001476173,0.0001115488,0.0001471053,0.0001983301],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999647,0.00008397506,0.00007069576,0.0000475106,0.0001068223,0.00004405958],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009399731,0.00001451541,0.002923576,0.00002041243,0.00003650722,4.149989e-7,0.1817999,3.792494e-8,0.004472138,0.7643064,0.03978823,0.006628437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002546558,0.00006195287,0.01821009,0.00002313136,0.00002067418,0.000003177171,0.2648692,0.00001494475,0.002753201,0.60135,0.1121405,0.0002984267],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9840065,0.0006067134,0.000006703,0.002713835,0.0005220964,0.000215863,0.00001801729,0.00004323226,0.0118671],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985765,0.001374195,0.000009337607,0.0001010646,0.00068517,0.00004336539,0.000004980166,0.000005309916,0.01201162],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1629564,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997691,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0111817096007593,"score_gpt":0.2654917256023749,"score_spread":0.2543100160016156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}