{"id":"W2079527471","doi":"10.1002/pi.1008","title":"Surface charge, effective charge and dispersion/aggregation properties of nanoparticles","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer International","topic":"Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"","keywords":"Surface charge; Dispersion (optics); Chemical physics; Nanoparticle; Colloid; Materials science; Electrostatics; Charge density; Zeta potential; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Physics; Physical chemistry; Optics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000554188,0.0000860862,0.00008781409,0.00003172969,0.00006546421,0.00002769422,0.00006925747,0.00003102152,0.001243146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007383723,0.0000762116,0.00003905263,0.00005052138,0.00005516697,0.0001310481,0.0000182763,0.00007041089,0.00002132628],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003842076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002266552,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005887169,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000678115,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994029,0.00001677342,0.0001578457,0.0001413053,0.0001687197,0.0001123995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996606,0.00004209417,0.00008237561,0.00007980841,0.0000976093,0.00003755654],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000320243,0.00009392618,0.005943843,0.00001973618,0.00007399869,4.562586e-7,0.0003082082,0.000001487757,0.9797782,0.01264879,0.000168928,0.000930447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003016419,0.00001594583,0.0001263602,0.0000571574,0.00001311188,0.00001035078,0.00008921458,0.0008257941,0.9962906,0.0001054576,0.002081587,0.00008279576],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9886044,0.001042562,0.00001947988,0.0002724332,0.0001476641,0.00005105531,0.00004076489,0.00001814247,0.009803474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935848,0.00006722635,0.00004115075,0.00004170377,0.00002978817,0.00002011574,0.00001425426,0.00001048274,0.00619055],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01651243,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996698,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00953575561856823,"score_gpt":0.2343697404625864,"score_spread":0.2248339848440181,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}