{"id":"W2079970571","doi":"10.1016/j.electstud.2013.07.014","title":"Manipulating electoral laws in Singapore","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Electoral Studies","topic":"Socioeconomic Development in Asia","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Legislature; Dominance (genetics); Authoritarianism; Political science; Hegemony; Political economy; Democracy; Electoral system; Law and economics; Law; Economics; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004426697,0.0001432638,0.0002603626,0.00007911107,0.0004673876,0.00009345728,0.0001993837,0.00007497513,0.0005142278],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003600144,0.0001425865,0.00004604007,0.000308198,0.0002092521,0.0003301284,0.00007137733,0.0001656313,0.0004300886],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006522812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001084345,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01298594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04571186,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998547,0.0001329438,0.0002838116,0.0002490564,0.0002047847,0.0005824639],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994761,0.0001784686,0.00009264612,0.00009203539,0.00009560745,0.00006517205],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002101682,0.00002068467,0.9728546,0.000006559202,0.00004006439,0.00000345123,0.006466695,0.000003396536,0.0001230799,0.001466352,0.01185283,0.007160209],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000462756,0.00004840955,0.9468951,0.00006083525,0.000009965241,9.204532e-7,0.01024999,0.00003938793,0.0001984184,0.006879565,0.03459002,0.0005646828],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9862663,0.001162228,0.000002320348,0.002253407,0.0005163858,0.0003448196,3.59912e-7,0.0001321255,0.009322071],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956059,0.00003382285,0.0008478518,0.0002819401,0.0002777478,0.00008620285,0.000002032735,0.00001538187,0.00284906],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03272592,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9935867,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09881133439723412,"score_gpt":0.3880717933669963,"score_spread":0.2892604589697622,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}