{"id":"W2080084004","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.02.004","title":"Detection of nitrifiers and evaluation of partial nitrification for wastewater treatment: A review","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":455,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; Shanghai Tongji Gao Tingyao Environmental Science and Technology Development Foundation","keywords":"Nitrification; Anoxic waters; Anammox; Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis; Environmental chemistry; Wastewater; Chemistry; Nitrite; Ammonium; Activated sludge; Sewage treatment; Sequencing batch reactor; Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism; Aeration; Chromatography; Microbiology; Nitrogen; Environmental engineering; Biology; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Biochemistry; Denitrification; Environmental science; Polymerase chain reaction; Nitrate; 16S ribosomal RNA; Organic chemistry; Denitrifying bacteria","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006591924,0.0002750289,0.000979939,0.00001568291,0.00003382988,0.000006496382,0.000103448,0.0001696622,0.0002127093],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003662076,0.0001914886,0.0003422892,0.0001918413,0.00009729169,0.0000858373,0.00003053742,0.00004419202,0.00002685292],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000348532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007528127,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000503668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007383664,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984773,0.000147457,0.0005376168,0.0003403568,0.0003438763,0.0001534214],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990069,0.00003816562,0.0005094399,0.0003152789,0.00005973397,0.00007044991],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001771555,0.00007495376,0.00000684452,0.007786887,0.0001276796,1.721536e-7,0.00004760124,0.000001607096,0.0003807575,6.820617e-7,0.0001453323,0.9914098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001547951,0.0004127726,0.000004064426,0.006963664,0.01095814,0.00002192713,0.00003830427,0.0001716105,0.03321528,0.0001379886,0.9461805,0.0003477719],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00663516,0.9903595,0.000007496186,0.000006437735,0.00005588731,0.00261858,0.00004380531,0.00001037141,0.0002627847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0007520671,0.99751,0.0007272069,0.000002262866,0.00003491621,0.0004903152,0.000199856,0.00002765675,0.000255791],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.991062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.780868,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08547341983144649,"score_gpt":0.3317316880826546,"score_spread":0.2462582682512081,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}