{"id":"W2080357074","doi":"10.1063/1.4754271","title":"Small particles, big impacts: A review of the diverse applications of nanofluids","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":756,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"University of New South Wales; Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Department of Defense; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Nanofluid; Materials science; Thermal conductivity; Viscosity; Nanotechnology; Heat transfer; Nanoparticle; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006623634,0.001080411,0.001511457,0.004524242,0.0004529456,0.0009894072,0.000869664,0.001136641,0.003056929],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009993374,0.0004789983,0.0007233956,0.003687459,0.000518778,0.001775187,0.000688257,0.001415086,0.001592571],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005672116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001067463,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001281021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002075508,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997212,0.00003356895,0.00005079673,0.00005775593,0.0001150929,0.00002151411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993869,0.0003208858,0.00007231146,0.0000153888,0.0001617396,0.00004270805],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005608813,0.00009976084,0.0002671509,0.03643032,0.0000872645,0.0002386611,0.0001160481,0.0004197934,0.002500853,0.004715556,0.02725373,0.9278148],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000906954,0.00009989258,0.0007168774,0.006183914,0.0001021918,0.001093095,0.00008498236,0.00009006177,0.0006510162,0.001768511,0.9891731,0.00002737477],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001002107,0.9987504,0.0001296585,0.0001668275,0.0001768534,0.000004011857,0.00001353253,0.000005002822,0.0006534883],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005105863,0.9986633,0.000191287,0.0001299379,0.0001709816,0.000005516265,0.00001605737,0.000001382349,0.000310987],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004524242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01022637,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04594905591774467,"score_gpt":0.259977546426444,"score_spread":0.2140284905086993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}