{"id":"W2080717112","doi":"10.1123/jsm.2014-0179","title":"Victims or Beneficiaries?: Wage Premia and National Origin in the National Hockey League","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sport Management","topic":"Transport and Economic Policies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"League; Earnings; Salary; Productivity; Wage; Sample (material); Demographic economics; Economics; Labour economics; Finance; Economic growth","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000907018,0.0001154111,0.0002055367,0.0008527048,0.0004733022,0.001263429,0.0005030668,0.0004845599,0.005364301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003915077,0.0001363368,0.0001440616,0.000603838,0.0004351833,0.0008440132,0.001139102,0.0006534785,0.0007484583],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002223515,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003108102,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01108223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02315971,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996644,0.00006017807,0.00002831058,0.00005664485,0.00004553826,0.0001449059],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973212,0.0003337599,0.00151324,0.00008725042,0.0001619584,0.0005826102],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008818859,0.0000657996,0.9949051,0.000005902342,0.00001627611,0.00006922952,0.0005726686,0.00003836819,0.0000852438,0.0002847914,0.0003126557,0.003555792],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005036351,0.00005739302,0.9954081,0.0000163102,0.00001558739,0.0001542015,0.003503365,0.0001268622,0.0000727888,0.0001436514,0.0004927244,0.000003964694],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984418,0.0001192119,0.00002709994,0.0001787571,0.000004883213,0.000003049208,0.0001134614,9.701334e-7,0.001110857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987276,0.00006850308,0.00002011681,0.00003452579,0.000009330187,0.000002140173,0.0001441753,0.000001565008,0.0009920701],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01108223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02203548,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04801860767466586,"score_gpt":0.2570817790232436,"score_spread":0.2090631713485778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}