{"id":"W2080761142","doi":"10.1680/grim.2005.9.4.137","title":"Encapsulated stone columns as a soil improvement technique for collapsible soil","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Geotechnical engineering; Foundation (evidence); Settlement (finance); Bearing capacity; Rigidity (electromagnetism); Geology; Environmental science; Engineering; Structural engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004495768,0.000321051,0.0003844642,0.000201581,0.0001159969,0.00003731497,0.0004063586,0.0002136874,0.00001709469],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001696283,0.0002932198,0.0002057282,0.000572403,0.0001229373,0.0003379829,0.00008771814,0.0002212622,0.00000186752],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004777002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008423932,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001017203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005467321,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998101,0.000002244287,0.0007617031,0.0002745196,0.0004471389,0.0004133714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990284,0.0000282794,0.0002019763,0.0002233418,0.0004131661,0.0001047736],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002096196,0.0001044542,0.000006456234,0.0006796496,0.00007555394,4.045027e-8,0.0001451621,0.4003798,0.5909182,0.005820217,0.0003717421,0.001477718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00117221,0.0004881799,0.00009791543,0.0002518499,0.0000911109,0.000004441338,0.0001676607,0.1793457,0.8124744,0.000762917,0.00477403,0.0003695512],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9043216,0.0002679465,0.08600911,0.0003159077,0.0008397383,0.003314632,0.00006853377,0.0006296054,0.004232974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975724,0.0000843181,0.001245745,0.00003592364,0.00009394762,0.0006389164,0.00001029178,0.00005264745,0.0002658625],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2215562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999952,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006011959204366748,"score_gpt":0.2007961299633514,"score_spread":0.1947841707589846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}