{"id":"W2081178823","doi":"10.1109/wcica.2006.1714091","title":"Harmonic Analysis of SPWM Wave Generated PWM Output","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Electromagnetic Launch and Propulsion Technology","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Pulse-width modulation; Harmonics; Duty cycle; Microcomputer; Modulation (music); Harmonic; Pulse-frequency modulation; Digital signal processing; Harmonic analysis; SIGNAL (programming language); Physics; Electronic engineering; Pulse (music); Acoustics; Computer science; Engineering; Chip; Optics; Electrical engineering; Pulse-amplitude modulation; Voltage","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004108866,0.00008922753,0.0002088945,0.0002956075,0.00001356596,0.000005989888,0.00007924042,0.00009565611,0.0006074862],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004476602,0.00007555155,0.00008120562,0.0008945396,0.00002223472,0.00001920466,0.00001234319,0.00007861276,0.00001927094],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002019299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006860671,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000176401,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001798091,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994071,0.000008284405,0.0002078117,0.0001062067,0.00007767729,0.0001929835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997066,0.00001303215,0.00001942288,0.0002033917,0.00003402597,0.00002355947],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001088081,0.00008754864,0.004231471,0.00004248975,0.001330801,0.00002447341,0.00002975881,0.02152945,0.8698688,0.008857539,0.0253276,0.06865922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002465646,0.0001089086,0.01340987,0.00000198307,0.0003621615,0.000003228924,0.00000607419,0.2549769,0.726983,0.001117448,0.002596319,0.0001875372],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9716095,0.0009491352,0.008182208,0.00007550709,0.00004945923,0.00005459343,0.00000624592,0.0004163609,0.01865693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953871,0.00005635634,0.00193776,0.00001610101,0.00001785213,0.000005008577,0.00003730954,0.00001144726,0.002531012],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2334474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6651548,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006880330235675114,"score_gpt":0.1768788355750242,"score_spread":0.1699985053393491,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}