{"id":"W2081660936","doi":"10.1177/0020715215571950","title":"National and regional proportion of immigrants and perceived threat of immigration: A three-level analysis in Western Europe","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Comparative Sociology","topic":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Demographic economics; Unit (ring theory); European Social Survey; Political science; Geography; Demography; Development economics; Sociology; Psychology; Politics; Economics; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001226706,0.0001019411,0.0003981405,0.0004800489,0.00005348475,0.00002024556,0.0001846706,0.0001190255,0.00004358217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002667315,0.00008534157,0.00009238026,0.0002552764,0.0007563611,0.0004128348,0.00002313046,0.0001951492,0.000001180692],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008530131,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000489866,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008075256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02663713,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979956,0.0003364008,0.0007178572,0.000135902,0.0007185901,0.00009561671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995324,0.000202668,0.0008361197,0.00004465473,0.003519561,0.0000729758],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005147714,0.0002376116,0.790855,0.000006339868,0.0006838348,0.000004827162,0.13425,0.000366011,0.00342915,0.06856492,0.0004426136,0.0006448754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009916277,0.0002570859,0.9745461,0.00003686376,0.00008146325,0.00002016022,0.008023301,0.001048059,0.000187633,0.01333461,0.001370805,0.0001022581],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944806,0.0004211932,0.002867067,0.001389972,0.0001792897,0.0001069279,0.00001974473,0.000002974523,0.0005322273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986121,0.0002769412,0.0007238771,0.00006152238,0.0001874623,0.000003205938,0.00002703886,0.000003340878,0.0001045236],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1836911,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9911242,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1200598145457428,"score_gpt":0.396884969002104,"score_spread":0.2768251544563612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}