{"id":"W2081864739","doi":"10.1007/s11661-005-0220-2","title":"Bonding mechanism in ultrasonic gold ball bonds on copper substrate","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A","topic":"Electronic Packaging and Soldering Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Ultrasonic sensor; Copper; Scanning electron microscope; Ball (mathematics); Composite material; Metallurgy; Geometry; Acoustics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001637119,0.0001604,0.0002420123,0.0001081379,0.00005029576,0.0000768629,0.00008298353,0.0001319732,0.0001851039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003436152,0.0001520902,0.00003513334,0.0001196905,0.00003451939,0.0001084446,0.000003460287,0.0001935851,0.00003121861],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005582558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006335339,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002479212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009099218,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991608,0.00001938359,0.0002180768,0.0001897987,0.00008046864,0.0003314356],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997811,0.00002818441,0.00001367324,0.0001226717,0.000004992619,0.00004940236],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000613541,0.0002548198,0.000003247108,0.0001769929,0.0001756967,0.00006996119,0.0003277243,0.05085882,0.8376664,0.09999961,0.0001670248,0.01023836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002993174,0.0004338388,0.001091822,0.000335986,0.0001489802,0.0003773993,0.0002239207,0.02979572,0.9165937,0.01140967,0.03505269,0.001543151],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9827645,0.0002752705,0.01472271,0.0003083549,0.0001117662,0.0001028762,0.00001175216,0.0006746756,0.001028064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977992,0.0006808402,0.0007659409,0.00002617494,0.00002601499,0.00004727243,0.000003530639,0.00002289667,0.0006281123],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08858993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.620206,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0108390386374515,"score_gpt":0.2086214034322548,"score_spread":0.1977823647948033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}