{"id":"W2082282326","doi":"10.1515/1542-6580.2878","title":"Development of Torrefaction Kinetics for British Columbia Softwoods","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering","topic":"Lignin and Wood Chemistry","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Torrefaction; Softwood; Lignin; Cellulose; Pyrolysis; Hemicellulose; Decomposition; Thermogravimetric analysis; Pulp and paper industry; Thermal decomposition; Chemistry; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009900026,0.00165963,0.0008533603,0.001313699,0.0004676874,0.0008165074,0.001365296,0.000643843,0.00191066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001398034,0.0008951575,0.0007952251,0.001374424,0.0002229869,0.001545904,0.0004908232,0.001718249,0.001372643],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003137112,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002164425,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1057429,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1058674,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992908,0.00005887886,0.00004337003,0.0001515265,0.0003755399,0.00007990963],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993401,0.000108917,0.00005218546,0.00003248351,0.0004329972,0.00003321653],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002406755,0.0001994962,0.002988503,0.002067946,0.00009144889,0.0002625619,0.0003418342,0.03229382,0.8233429,0.005414436,0.001702946,0.1310535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002489813,0.0002500456,0.00934063,0.0001811899,0.0001199585,0.0002584141,0.0001882119,0.1930049,0.7563426,0.0008386999,0.03925923,0.0001912797],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4329953,0.03583058,0.4909413,0.0009408445,0.000422994,0.001110021,0.004272888,0.00279791,0.03068814],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7718626,0.04231765,0.1564315,0.0001921738,0.00004106534,0.0007160523,0.003777894,0.0004973515,0.02416387],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8942571,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2102549,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008466150514218848,"score_gpt":0.2186123182263651,"score_spread":0.2101461677121462,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}