{"id":"W2082354633","doi":"10.5539/elt.v4n2p13","title":"A Contrastive Study of Grammar Translation Method and Communicative Approach in Teaching English Grammar","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"English Language Teaching","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Grammar; Communicative competence; Communicative language teaching; Fluency; Linguistics; Computer science; Traditional grammar; Psychology; English grammar; Natural language processing; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics education; Language education; Pedagogy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004319239,0.0002991349,0.0005336435,0.0003099754,0.000548635,0.0001244637,0.0003511794,0.00009110551,0.00007290755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001060749,0.0002747884,0.00008423736,0.00005384081,0.0001434282,0.0005309599,0.0001032023,0.002197327,8.065072e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004506407,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001570979,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01009736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001985681,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954508,0.002968518,0.0005480226,0.0004230609,0.0002522901,0.0003573167],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983287,0.0008287906,0.0002775928,0.0004131449,0.0000701306,0.00008157728],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006245245,0.00082252,0.003751588,0.00004485965,0.00009010037,0.000008945857,0.9239382,0.00003441841,0.00005625555,0.02397244,0.000009304405,0.0472089],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001786759,0.00032647,0.001309951,0.0001128699,0.00009128812,0.00000186401,0.9931242,0.00129743,0.0000232359,0.0003019278,0.001279636,0.0003443034],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8482373,0.000554113,0.003551454,0.000006039945,0.0001649296,0.0005444135,0.0000112369,0.0002407372,0.1466897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9857942,0.000004354624,0.01352342,0.00003005314,0.0003354052,0.00004571561,0.00003282695,0.00005235318,0.0001817106],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.146508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999704,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05099065871888663,"score_gpt":0.2854010287889421,"score_spread":0.2344103700700555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}