{"id":"W2082528617","doi":"10.2478/ecce-2013-0006","title":"Active Battery Balancing for Battery Packs","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Electrical Control and Communication Engineering","topic":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"European Social Fund; Junta de Extremadura; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad","keywords":"Battery (electricity); Equalization (audio); Voltage; Computer science; Transistor; State of charge; Power (physics); Topology (electrical circuits); Electrical engineering; Trickle charging; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Decoding methods; Algorithm","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001137517,0.000313354,0.000226761,0.0003828216,0.0002352329,0.0005077778,0.0006855149,0.0003037088,0.006112729],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002300031,0.0001212244,0.000176501,0.000347669,0.0001841382,0.0007275725,0.000274624,0.0002448329,0.001457595],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000225757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000992142,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002304981,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003283532,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999113,0.00001538537,0.000006746263,0.00001672923,0.00003814819,0.00001168989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999042,0.00002304044,0.00001330702,0.0000126128,0.00004141502,0.000005507959],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004367678,0.0001576516,0.0006645069,0.0007468929,0.0000478304,0.0002147659,0.000183328,0.03534712,0.3878505,0.03178444,0.006993766,0.5355725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009915177,0.001121993,0.002211168,0.0001432505,0.0001268526,0.0006929957,0.0001187402,0.5968722,0.2765788,0.02839134,0.09358626,0.00005733289],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09708162,0.002657288,0.860341,0.0002735425,0.0003864269,0.0001468369,0.0001581136,0.001971713,0.03698348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9531175,0.0005842394,0.0311336,0.00009974647,0.0001063379,0.00006005895,0.0001333094,0.00007219635,0.014693],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006112729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0204491,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005750782470867732,"score_gpt":0.2132938528009793,"score_spread":0.2075430703301115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}