{"id":"W2083791849","doi":"10.1016/s0142-9612(02)00351-4","title":"TNF-α secretion and macrophage mortality induced by cobalt and chromium ions in vitro-Qualitative analysis of apoptosis","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomaterials","topic":"Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty","field":"Medicine","cited_by":139,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Jewish General Hospital; McGill University","funders":"Canadian Orthopaedic Foundation; McGill University","keywords":"Trypan blue; Apoptosis; Macrophage; Toxicity; Tumor necrosis factor alpha; Chromium; Molecular biology; Necrosis; In vitro; Flow cytometry; Secretion; Chemistry; Internal medicine; Biology; Materials science; Endocrinology; Biochemistry; Medicine; Metallurgy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003775403,0.0001254348,0.0005392407,0.0002059136,0.00004189606,0.00001942606,0.00002223616,0.00009697853,0.0003327905],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006535494,0.0001026079,0.00004760572,0.0003143432,0.0001263175,0.00006553631,0.00003140611,0.00001522863,0.000002757947],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001835696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007901802,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004260662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001753719,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988996,0.0001655292,0.0003976515,0.0002284943,0.0001461813,0.0001625406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995299,0.0000571347,0.0001472114,0.0001356962,0.00003120048,0.0000988473],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008244533,0.0001024521,0.003857755,0.00007662369,0.0003132392,0.000004644692,0.001825294,4.208182e-8,0.9923112,0.00001756829,0.0001147079,0.001294068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001706556,0.0002017512,0.2125209,0.00005446167,0.0007982183,0.00001025399,0.0008983223,0.000177983,0.7833096,0.00001302998,0.0001458931,0.0001631037],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998332,0.0002379103,0.00001173968,0.0001450466,0.0000984977,0.0002220742,0.0008374298,0.00001791066,0.000097367],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993618,0.0002088497,0.0001022284,0.00006937484,0.0000294044,0.00001087175,0.0001753708,0.000008162306,0.00003390605],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2090016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.418423,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04027583319048011,"score_gpt":0.332979124970486,"score_spread":0.2927032917800059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}