{"id":"W2085040509","doi":"10.1890/12-0669.1","title":"Ballast water regulations and the move toward concentration‐based numeric discharge limits","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Applications","topic":"Marine Ecology and Invasive Species","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"American Bureau of Shipping; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Ballast; Scope (computer science); Environmental planning; Coast guard; Environmental science; Government (linguistics); Guard (computer science); Agency (philosophy); Business; Environmental resource management; Environmental protection; Ecology; Computer science; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002221412,0.00009353128,0.0001064664,0.000007672297,0.000455097,0.00002407464,0.0001540177,0.00006774755,0.01447798],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005096685,0.0000489102,0.00004092832,0.0001131867,0.0007220218,0.0001424699,0.000126026,0.0001058886,0.001411152],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004517625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000420015,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001132819,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000249933,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992166,0.00007842049,0.0001594398,0.0001785204,0.00008970765,0.0002773278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994279,0.0002441215,0.0000443732,0.0001783126,0.000009013712,0.00009629293],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000464227,0.0008191406,0.6789229,0.00000813802,0.00003300236,3.483631e-7,0.0009124737,0.0006342833,0.003191374,0.2991237,0.0130669,0.0032413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003855909,0.00001889017,0.8999729,4.007157e-7,0.0000176978,0.000002590189,0.00005458657,0.0008264611,0.0006900583,0.004592624,0.09333844,0.00009972376],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7230403,0.0001047972,0.01839683,0.04598308,0.0002026367,0.002553743,0.00002550253,0.0001650479,0.2095281],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949422,0.00001565888,0.0009120985,0.001590209,0.00008808713,0.0008347721,0.00003478259,0.00000435923,0.001577775],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2945311,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993663,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01437341223337616,"score_gpt":0.2196293330559477,"score_spread":0.2052559208225715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}