{"id":"W2085146725","doi":"10.1086/383289","title":"Barnard's Star and the M Dwarf Temperature Scale","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Astronomical Journal","topic":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Trent University; York University; Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Astrophysics; Parallax; Photometry (optics); Stars; Metallicity; Effective temperature; Spectral energy distribution; Astronomy; RADIUS; Galaxy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003331729,0.0001490239,0.0002083766,0.0000160948,0.0005748863,0.0001653546,0.0002324593,0.00002459132,0.0001797647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006653472,0.00007056219,0.0001170784,0.00003656674,0.0003324949,0.00007556704,0.00007514538,0.0005586628,0.00004519197],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002044724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005038547,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007791501,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003712036,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991974,0.00008973064,0.0001997828,0.0001217474,0.0001249111,0.0002664904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994472,0.00017078,0.00009276589,0.0001654825,0.00002662539,0.00009720738],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004168035,0.00007037489,0.9782841,0.000002409431,0.000493627,0.000001749681,0.001892721,0.00142811,0.00007469043,0.008105613,0.002644903,0.006584906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006189671,0.00009635372,0.9665644,0.00003289589,0.0002245043,0.0001013481,0.002265944,0.00007665338,0.0003171896,0.01706334,0.006814492,0.0002531631],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9853524,0.0005411695,0.0003232802,0.007493723,0.0002751406,0.000119985,0.000005221131,0.000007724317,0.005881351],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977114,0.00002596164,0.0004395645,0.0001248974,0.001534795,0.000003456658,0.000002990742,0.000009905866,0.0001469929],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01235903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4421619,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004882613742036343,"score_gpt":0.1969545564357437,"score_spread":0.1920719426937074,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}