{"id":"W2085486895","doi":"10.7202/050563ar","title":"Factors Behind the Changes in Canada's Family Income Distribution and the Share of the Middle Class","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Relations industrielles","topic":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Distribution (mathematics); Middle class; Income distribution; Demographic economics; Class (philosophy); Economics; Geography; Genealogy; Inequality; History; Mathematics; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006668839,0.00007747126,0.0001124959,0.00001884558,0.0008158945,0.0000302282,0.0002768204,0.0001244133,0.00006207593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005571048,0.00003748689,0.0000332216,0.000316007,0.0004207313,0.00009010427,0.00006778579,0.0003310132,0.000001064406],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003669669,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007600071,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6804614,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9633904,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998821,0.0003923594,0.0002077654,0.00009711833,0.0003102853,0.000171529],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989051,0.0006831601,0.0001335616,0.0001899481,0.00005687198,0.00003131443],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000154629,0.00003554366,0.8188205,0.000003074626,0.00002932276,2.037276e-7,0.03375894,0.0004175772,0.000003931709,0.1358498,0.006226554,0.004839028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003380153,0.000005877095,0.765721,0.00003976471,0.00001861102,1.449741e-7,0.04298313,0.0003763414,0.00007603486,0.0006460234,0.189705,0.00009003771],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9667612,0.0003459009,0.000006630232,0.02420558,0.0001371958,0.000298818,0.0002146743,0.000006527047,0.008023496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987962,0.00008936859,0.000001179352,0.0001653264,0.00009673089,0.00001018103,0.00001681884,0.000003339267,0.0008208036],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.282929,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6275284,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0636934166340008,"score_gpt":0.2667100500429769,"score_spread":0.2030166334089761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}