{"id":"W2086393147","doi":"10.1175/2008jcli2665.1","title":"The Response of Northern Hemisphere Snow Cover to a Changing Climate*","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Climate","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":642,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ouranos","funders":"","keywords":"Snowpack; Snow; Northern Hemisphere; Precipitation; Climatology; Environmental science; Coupled model intercomparison project; Climate change; Snow cover; Snow line; Elevation (ballistics); Snow field; Climate model; Atmospheric sciences; Physical geography; Geology; Geography; Meteorology; Oceanography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002520681,0.0001183394,0.0002439595,0.00004261363,0.000345094,0.00002027602,0.00033515,0.0000518731,0.0005510157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003515783,0.0000781259,0.0001588735,0.0002612621,0.0001517071,0.0001931711,0.0002799224,0.0001539665,0.0002019351],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000138105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002957425,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001583498,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004769154,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982486,0.0001308846,0.0005689389,0.0001272879,0.0004474998,0.0004767428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986722,0.0004758772,0.0003903281,0.0002704661,0.0000470923,0.0001439912],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.02002379,0.001086742,0.568677,0.0001453408,0.0001734189,0.0004541378,0.02325687,0.1152675,0.2517765,0.0006771745,0.005373795,0.01308772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009486518,0.00545079,0.5951903,0.001666936,0.0004195557,0.004637438,0.008721111,0.01418726,0.08870307,0.002946672,0.2661298,0.002460541],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947985,0.00005029194,0.0001920168,0.001022253,0.0001495818,0.0001125108,0.00001632799,0.000007937605,0.003650555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978855,0.001015445,0.0005895599,0.0002553724,0.00004730106,0.00000265957,4.145177e-7,0.00001513458,0.0001886183],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.260756,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6033236,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01624842672913928,"score_gpt":0.2480213019112704,"score_spread":0.2317728751821311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}