{"id":"W2086832563","doi":"10.2118/159683-ms","title":"Has the Economic Stage Count Been Reached in the Bakken Shale?","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Hydrocarbon Economics and Evaluation Symposium","topic":"Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Stage (stratigraphy); Tight oil; Oil shale; Hydraulic fracturing; Directional drilling; Geology; Siltstone; Drilling; Petroleum engineering; Completion (oil and gas wells); Production (economics); Mining engineering; Hydrology (agriculture); Structural basin; Geotechnical engineering; Paleontology; Engineering; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002212592,0.0002230243,0.0004896417,0.001270027,0.000687342,0.002162296,0.0007801441,0.0006201261,0.003112914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007923393,0.0002658952,0.0004718254,0.001348899,0.0009770204,0.001862912,0.0007267112,0.0007788738,0.000524153],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004030058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00143345,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05842432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09548576,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978747,0.0002266596,0.0001410987,0.0002715913,0.001181384,0.0003046352],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.992258,0.002142113,0.001774136,0.0002249043,0.003347703,0.0002530545],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000883603,0.000188147,0.9311466,0.0002912327,0.0001148004,0.000784583,0.001283457,0.01490711,0.0140725,0.004168747,0.001130551,0.03102865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008579102,0.0005448453,0.9529084,0.0001550915,0.00006377749,0.0001957158,0.005274993,0.01254355,0.01662775,0.00264428,0.008952321,0.00008058925],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906079,0.0004877123,0.001483955,0.0003702849,0.00001812297,0.00001982394,0.0006164,0.00001908939,0.006376823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974493,0.0001676605,0.0007905646,0.00005082301,0.000007620518,0.00001073436,0.0003815363,0.00001067456,0.001131083],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05842432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1161685,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02403995462221647,"score_gpt":0.2424631797669828,"score_spread":0.2184232251447663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}