{"id":"W2086983116","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2008.02.068","title":"Effect of magnesium/calcium ratios in solutions treated by electrodialysis: Morphological characterization and identification of anion-exchange membrane fouling","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Electrodialysis; Fouling; Magnesium; Chemistry; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Ion exchange; Salt (chemistry); Inorganic chemistry; Chromatography; Chemical engineering; Ion; Organic chemistry; Biochemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001090173,0.00008775532,0.0002561052,0.0003533395,0.00006204082,0.00002221311,0.0001156346,0.00005095484,0.00001369784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001293324,0.00007293798,0.00002930617,0.0006023702,0.0002013344,0.000523242,0.00001569894,0.0001005984,3.29689e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004554437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003089424,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004289,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.100819e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989243,0.00007526151,0.0005467276,0.0001081202,0.0002273724,0.0001182545],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993755,0.00006072157,0.000266988,0.0000775507,0.0001688112,0.00005044611],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005718786,0.00002157047,0.0007797448,0.00005830073,0.000003844249,4.451535e-7,0.0002137175,0.0003493377,0.9981188,0.000005409033,0.0000277694,0.0003639282],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003415276,0.0004682154,0.00356706,0.00003658664,0.00001498402,0.00005110793,0.00001419397,0.01560872,0.9798092,0.000003038959,0.00002624463,0.00005916981],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9707178,0.0003960053,0.02858112,0.00004089616,0.00005891497,0.0001545298,0.000007179993,0.00001610233,0.00002740534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991436,0.0006575228,0.0001309156,0.00000546715,0.00001269185,0.000005385334,0.000002695342,0.000004800037,0.00003690487],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0284502,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2974325,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01181487697195139,"score_gpt":0.2592572693866325,"score_spread":0.2474423924146811,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}