{"id":"W2088463136","doi":"10.1007/s00340-006-2536-z","title":"Remote detection of similar biological materials using femtosecond filament-induced breakdown spectroscopy","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics B","topic":"Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma","field":"Engineering","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Defence Research and Development Canada; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Femtosecond; Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; Spectroscopy; Materials science; Protein filament; Spectral line; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Laser; Fluorescence; Emission spectrum; Indoor bioaerosol; Photoacoustic spectroscopy; Optics; Chemistry; Physics; Environmental chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009923976,0.0002573977,0.0003535402,0.00004507888,0.00007911403,0.00003610154,0.000132213,0.0001726771,0.0001107423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002398112,0.000252105,0.0000673505,0.0002122615,0.00003521282,0.0000753623,0.00002917219,0.0001766589,0.00004820521],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000095085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001499583,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001371315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001595234,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988909,0.00002126242,0.0003338118,0.0002544025,0.000139959,0.0003596472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995209,0.00004724888,0.00009603982,0.0002707901,0.0000197577,0.00004524246],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000317901,0.00003481644,0.000008672936,0.0000376449,0.00003142295,0.000001839846,0.00002869404,0.005185849,0.9927416,0.001078089,0.00002954784,0.0007900675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003355375,0.00004814345,0.0003534509,0.00001372951,0.00002492573,0.000003296889,0.00001401664,0.003937868,0.9871648,0.00776537,0.00008063833,0.0002582476],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.982942,0.0000120046,0.01114739,0.000003233337,0.0003305103,0.0002420721,0.00004860928,0.0002039061,0.005070215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965716,0.000008790637,0.002809802,0.00001829082,0.0004797052,0.000006317228,0.00005424683,0.00004382727,0.000007448956],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01362951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999931,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01689279566832063,"score_gpt":0.2204135882006784,"score_spread":0.2035207925323578,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}