{"id":"W2088708618","doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2007.06.006","title":"Soapstock and deodorizer distillates from North American vegetable oils: Review on their characterization, extraction and utilization","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food Research International","topic":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":154,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Archer Daniels Midland","keywords":"Distillation; Characterization (materials science); Fraction (chemistry); Vegetable oil; Extraction (chemistry); Edible oil; Pulp and paper industry; Refining (metallurgy); Environmental science; Process engineering; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Food science; Nanotechnology; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003630442,0.0008940762,0.0006960847,0.001447754,0.0003311965,0.0004710812,0.0003314954,0.0003915042,0.0006499491],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003639594,0.0002553926,0.0003976575,0.001578172,0.0002905487,0.0008864922,0.0003361896,0.0004470015,0.0005038425],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003540409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008508409,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00294076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01241016,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996794,0.00002075527,0.00003471961,0.00006519185,0.0001664262,0.00003347855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997378,0.00008344831,0.00005875417,0.00001531256,0.00009153309,0.00001309335],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002446885,0.0001083423,0.002075737,0.004872369,0.00007592151,0.0005101917,0.0001994736,0.0004542192,0.5642251,0.000614342,0.0008421191,0.4257775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000728956,0.00031038,0.00902252,0.0003012766,0.0001393448,0.001223616,0.000298299,0.0002533988,0.8431034,0.000348124,0.1449558,0.00003659077],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.2515209,0.7048128,0.02286458,0.0006458904,0.0003334002,0.0001511555,0.0008310201,0.0001159554,0.01872443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.270367,0.6842726,0.01553212,0.0004420324,0.0001705739,0.0001145478,0.00118122,0.00005850605,0.02786134],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00294076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005847335,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08985855296975066,"score_gpt":0.354716788936362,"score_spread":0.2648582359666114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}