{"id":"W2089816662","doi":"10.2118/84199-ms","title":"Experimental Investigation of Oil Drainage Rates in the Vapex Process for Heavy Oil and Bitumen Reservoirs","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Soil vapor extraction; Petroleum engineering; Scaling; Oil field; Drainage; Oil in place; Asphalt; Thermal conductivity; Porous medium; Saturation (graph theory); Thermal; Environmental science; Mixing (physics); Geotechnical engineering; Porosity; Materials science; Geology; Petroleum; Composite material; Mathematics; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003154273,0.0001146437,0.0001467036,0.00007077351,0.00004166361,0.00003022805,0.00007526542,0.000106472,0.000006344718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007912301,0.00009518059,0.00002091874,0.0001495919,0.0001297601,0.0003089598,0.00001379884,0.0001274447,4.240015e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002230641,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001883733,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001264182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003353163,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993288,0.00003917043,0.0002108824,0.0001636422,0.0001065779,0.0001509224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996817,0.00008571974,0.00003430146,0.0001056734,0.00005909323,0.00003353675],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001356593,0.0001276067,0.0007096623,0.001215455,0.00001622515,0.00000551078,0.005293304,0.0001084527,0.9056911,0.06692635,0.001112904,0.01865775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004153922,0.0003266853,0.0006274288,0.0002890284,0.000007793413,0.00001029547,0.002420911,0.0005551144,0.9435201,0.05123588,0.0003865019,0.0002048298],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888461,0.0003239009,0.001094548,0.0002048826,0.00001876315,0.0001116099,0.0000227005,0.0001232185,0.009254224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998304,0.0002571271,0.001135148,0.00005651485,0.00001222032,0.0001728097,0.00001827271,0.00001162377,0.00003230249],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03782902,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3881352,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02621959950849132,"score_gpt":0.2890739793009366,"score_spread":0.2628543797924453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}