{"id":"W2090117077","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2013.07.119","title":"Integrated biomass torrefaction – Chemical looping combustion as a method to recover torrefaction volatiles energy","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fuel","topic":"Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis","keywords":"Torrefaction; Flue gas; Combustion; Chemistry; Biomass (ecology); Oxygen; Chemical looping combustion; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Chemical engineering; Pyrolysis; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005852213,0.0002097016,0.000203732,0.0000845223,0.00003543668,0.00005148715,0.0001218014,0.0002146251,0.0004671479],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009277169,0.0001988663,0.00006630382,0.0003237464,0.00001544721,0.0002466072,0.0000321428,0.0002006504,0.000320005],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002291982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001482867,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000742641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006177258,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999043,0.00002095853,0.0002476466,0.0002652884,0.0001540214,0.0002690369],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994346,0.00009750582,0.00003427435,0.0001631369,0.0001034126,0.0001670721],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001584153,0.0000216879,0.0000218178,0.000103045,0.00002979618,4.821829e-7,0.00005379887,0.0002326621,0.9312736,0.000083087,0.00452266,0.06364153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001877954,0.0000238728,0.00008066723,0.0001080269,0.00001690687,0.00001040954,0.00004909219,0.01839889,0.9592081,0.002659978,0.01894424,0.0003120486],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8493506,0.0004472114,0.1399054,0.0002405849,0.0008537909,0.0002044794,0.00001023132,0.001181157,0.007806533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943585,0.00003016248,0.004737677,0.0001497681,0.0002281599,0.00007051959,0.00007852542,0.00004431279,0.0003023357],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1450079,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8109531,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008535384939559552,"score_gpt":0.2266084996581887,"score_spread":0.2180731147186292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}