{"id":"W2091451703","doi":"10.1119/1.1380380","title":"The physics of golf: The convex face of a driver","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Physics","topic":"Sports Dynamics and Biomechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Vancouver Island University","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Ball (mathematics); Regular polygon; Curvature; Aerospace engineering; Aeronautics; Classical mechanics; Geometry; Engineering; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001488652,0.00009740469,0.0002532124,0.00001409559,0.00003588085,0.000009878121,0.0002962321,0.00001442363,0.000003330548],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006445487,0.0000553072,0.0001556989,0.0003537016,0.0002296709,0.00005930009,0.00002359574,0.0001708008,0.000001173356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002242948,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003116366,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001434012,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000201168,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992607,0.00001661939,0.0003026102,0.00004387091,0.0002375637,0.0001385996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99911,0.00009180671,0.0004133302,0.0001986515,0.0001506225,0.00003553074],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001283847,0.0002177303,0.003544697,0.0000443214,0.0008957613,0.00002087814,0.003351165,0.06925207,0.06414149,0.02412027,0.001018362,0.8332649],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003175981,0.003284629,0.02248601,0.0005502285,0.001008639,0.0003450568,0.02438161,0.72462,0.1105726,0.05693491,0.05099653,0.001643794],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.947423,0.0001912397,0.0516775,0.000144672,0.0002609831,0.0000562644,0.000008695189,0.000008625478,0.0002290329],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987166,0.0007413556,0.0003111778,0.00002785269,0.0001661709,5.029411e-7,5.482314e-7,0.00001733282,0.00001846826],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8316211,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2255362,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004960775964119694,"score_gpt":0.1972817469355572,"score_spread":0.1923209709714375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}