{"id":"W2092446507","doi":"10.1109/aina.2014.59","title":"MARD: A Framework for Metamorphic Malware Analysis and Real-Time Detection","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Opcode; Computer science; Malware; Obfuscation; Malware analysis; Process (computing); Computer security; Operating system","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003701281,0.0001375559,0.0002472117,0.0003690276,0.0001466308,0.0001118873,0.0002862561,0.0001125453,0.00003316833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002155363,0.0001253091,0.0001310315,0.0009787978,0.00003002767,0.000368615,0.0001282357,0.00008947347,0.00001399471],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002952892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007037203,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005713014,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003946591,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989246,0.00006032684,0.0001907464,0.0004702469,0.0001446077,0.0002094926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987929,0.000337937,0.0001015198,0.0005705859,0.0001123937,0.00008462781],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004908848,0.00005543515,0.0007394876,0.00005717646,0.0004856103,0.000002339766,0.0001825899,0.000176212,0.03573022,0.1691485,0.000230807,0.7931425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002864511,0.0005332436,0.006579436,0.00001511362,0.0003123248,0.00002100161,0.00001404742,0.3241398,0.2490918,0.4121742,0.006254768,0.0005778749],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.003808859,0.00001142572,0.9940233,0.0002219444,0.00006467637,0.00023016,0.000001827814,0.001143087,0.0004947732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3546771,0.00001532784,0.6447046,0.000127676,0.00003575609,0.00008503147,0.000001088788,0.000008694176,0.0003446917],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7925646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5109958,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007238375779190843,"score_gpt":0.253463130720107,"score_spread":0.2462247549409161,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}