{"id":"W2092585033","doi":"10.5539/ijef.v4n6p32","title":"Investments in Land Conservation in the Ethiopian Highlands: A Household Plot-level Analysis of the Roles of Poverty, Tenure Security, and Market Incentives","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Land Rights and Reforms","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Incentive; Land tenure; Investment (military); Poverty; Land titling; Leverage (statistics); Productivity; Economics; Panel data; Land degradation; Business; Natural resource economics; Government (linguistics); Public economics; Land use; Economic growth; Geography; Agriculture; Microeconomics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002911956,0.00003995224,0.0001216329,0.00003151505,0.00001878208,0.00001537429,0.0001319151,0.00003344116,0.000003062326],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009981373,0.00000872416,0.0000416629,0.00008068516,0.00004855356,0.000131361,0.0000353961,0.00006302666,1.794966e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001077036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006278388,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002669602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00417143,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996005,0.00002594682,0.0002264142,0.00004207614,0.00005393972,0.0000511601],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996179,0.00006506488,0.0002590824,0.0000181201,0.00003014156,0.00000963197],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004747304,0.00008033387,0.9938041,0.000002122947,0.00007496266,5.493764e-7,0.0008583584,0.0000648556,0.00007558733,0.00272844,0.00004322288,0.002220013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002172072,0.00002312153,0.9928971,0.0000328951,0.00001454714,0.0000065215,0.000149923,0.0006060525,0.00005942541,0.002615469,0.003350699,0.0000270713],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965381,0.0002619906,1.76934e-7,0.002920528,0.00008708336,0.00003231071,0.00007964304,2.020267e-7,0.00007996474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957014,0.003955502,0.00001044113,0.0002552329,0.00004977721,4.887776e-7,0.00000304477,2.759664e-7,0.00002388491],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00390447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2327756,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02262768156304051,"score_gpt":0.2123808058211734,"score_spread":0.1897531242581329,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}