{"id":"W2093084344","doi":"10.1016/j.jssr.2014.10.001","title":"Beyond the “Babel Problem”: Defining Simulations for the Social Studies","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Social Studies Research","topic":"Innovative Teaching Methodologies in Social Sciences","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"St. Mary's University","funders":"","keywords":"Conflation; Field (mathematics); Epistemology; Dynamism; Verisimilitude; CLARITY; Consistency (knowledge bases); Phenomenon; Social simulation; Sociology; Mediation; Computer science; Management science; Social science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0348097,0.001693843,0.002512836,0.005634546,0.006653509,0.01724656,0.004086786,0.007313626,0.005083813],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06560386,0.001052774,0.001611611,0.003610232,0.06572349,0.02768018,0.01162705,0.01475418,0.001161112],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005805575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00877698,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002924092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001814914,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9578392,0.0369832,0.001366942,0.00145163,0.001757454,0.0006016508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9258005,0.0570145,0.003182964,0.008190232,0.003602762,0.002209058],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003816903,0.000003771046,0.00008048962,0.00002528524,0.000002854269,0.00001276028,0.001157112,0.0004690344,0.00001911346,0.996608,0.0002732553,0.001344595],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007550849,0.00001114734,0.0000301964,0.0001600071,0.000003105178,0.00003196964,0.0008816467,0.00319621,0.00007222487,0.9796118,0.01598166,0.00001245316],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.009225798,0.005655829,0.8950722,0.04497036,0.00110675,0.0002816151,0.0001189988,0.0002385414,0.04332994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5256641,0.004596433,0.4546014,0.005738442,0.0008579617,0.002356087,0.0001878629,0.0004311834,0.005566489],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9933465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1840935,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.6279011266230526,"score_gpt":0.6388775814683652,"score_spread":0.01097645484531251,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}