{"id":"W2093662887","doi":"10.1021/es981251z","title":"Sequential Extraction of Metal Contaminated Soils with Radiochemical Assessment of Readsorption Effects","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto Scarborough; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Soil water; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Contamination; Soil contamination; Extraction (chemistry); Metal; Trace metal; Redistribution (election); Fraction (chemistry); Environmental remediation; Organic matter; Environmental science; Soil science; Chromatography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006758707,0.000263862,0.0003914462,0.0002344483,0.0001480209,0.000008415223,0.0006284143,0.0002014781,0.004449717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002537646,0.000229538,0.00007461845,0.0009213504,0.006347116,0.0004767256,0.0002535633,0.0002992643,0.0001343392],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008841914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003609675,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000658032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005289337,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970611,0.00008581146,0.0004904268,0.0007283121,0.001100024,0.0005343067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989076,0.00005108605,0.0002738984,0.0006315545,0.000003216737,0.0001326417],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003313542,0.000460991,0.02929637,0.000007942765,0.00001699164,0.00001197163,0.00005655521,0.001596236,0.9408704,0.000101657,0.000007586292,0.02754015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006063776,0.0006742827,0.1665548,0.0000220119,0.0000527644,0.0001013831,0.00008682148,0.0008593444,0.8299762,0.0001264708,0.0007192406,0.0002203263],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937534,0.00003970839,0.001365896,0.00008574098,0.00007120126,0.000509436,0.000009309919,0.00005951518,0.00410574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918886,0.00008715481,0.007660894,0.00002277778,0.00001056682,0.0000563176,0.000008846258,0.00002063161,0.0002441546],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1372584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9964604,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004411153833003808,"score_gpt":0.2484943215373851,"score_spread":0.2440831677043813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}