{"id":"W2098377900","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.91.084052","title":"Distorted local shadows","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D, Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology","topic":"Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Schwarzschild radius; Distortion (music); Shadow (psychology); Horizon; Physics; Black hole (networking); Schwarzschild metric; Geometry; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; General relativity; Computer science; Astronomy; Gravitation","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006101085,0.0007960449,0.001742766,0.00009260284,0.0005241808,0.0001108288,0.0004789383,0.0001721531,0.000005121839],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004161232,0.0007209652,0.0004640419,0.000853473,0.0008799035,0.0005020478,0.0002069851,0.0008140304,0.0002292602],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007217781,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002234504,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004408411,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009775464,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9948902,0.0008483074,0.00136494,0.001238652,0.0005787113,0.001079248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995927,0.0009727498,0.0006202805,0.0008238549,0.0007059742,0.0009500818],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002036534,0.002389802,0.05293007,0.001245984,0.0004244778,0.00002471348,0.002262764,0.0002030982,0.001741855,0.8401044,0.02430554,0.07416365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001366392,0.0008188901,0.005738462,0.0005024797,0.0007623078,0.00000822978,0.0005125435,0.0003489586,0.0003168192,0.979332,0.009487757,0.0008051638],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9671048,0.01300572,0.009782038,0.008038669,0.0003043618,0.001479183,0.0001023053,0.0001293335,0.00005359513],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.989059,0.00217981,0.0006653593,0.00628332,0.0006964047,0.000638869,0.0003569973,0.00006773143,0.00005248073],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1392276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995241,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0276583063763178,"score_gpt":0.3194855984687102,"score_spread":0.2918272920923923,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}