{"id":"W2098637063","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhm139","title":"Critical Spatial Frequencies for Illusory Contour Processing in Early Visual Cortex","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cerebral Cortex","topic":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Spatial frequency; Orientation (vector space); Spatial filter; Visual cortex; Invariant (physics); Grating; Filter (signal processing); Physics; Artificial intelligence; Illusion; Optics; Neuroscience; Computer science; Communication; Psychology; Pattern recognition (psychology); Computer vision; Mathematics; Geometry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005210404,0.0002489931,0.0002902233,0.0002012554,0.0003245855,0.0002182356,0.0002672274,0.0001943399,0.0002736051],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001183087,0.0002412014,0.00009634002,0.0003227264,0.0002906722,0.0005449573,0.0000532731,0.0003089932,0.0000968315],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009926076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001561696,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001066092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002895099,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976718,0.00007290609,0.0004894623,0.0006304555,0.0004022652,0.0007330722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991388,0.000242566,0.0001093354,0.0001462448,0.0001432298,0.00021987],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003069336,0.0002178859,0.001718182,0.0001366589,0.000001268141,0.00005316487,0.001438749,0.000001167129,0.9295588,0.006369759,0.00009127719,0.06010611],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006585921,0.003403632,0.5047579,0.0005557272,0.00007230074,0.0002129977,0.00305461,0.02844202,0.41228,0.03510179,0.003081825,0.002451308],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9314181,0.00004526627,0.06422874,0.0002074822,0.0006686528,0.0004078766,0.00001712903,0.0002062759,0.002800441],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960107,0.000002875347,0.0008520837,0.002085468,0.0003466111,0.00002730952,0.000006089103,0.00004448927,0.0006244342],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5172789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9835909,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05467269164660292,"score_gpt":0.3532069323272929,"score_spread":0.29853424068069,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}