{"id":"W2098849037","doi":"10.1525/cond.2008.8541","title":"IS THE INGESTION OF SMALL STONES BY DOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORANTS A SELF-MEDICATION BEHAVIOR?","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ornithological Applications","topic":"Bird parasitology and diseases","field":"Immunology and Microbiology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ingestion; Biology; Zoology; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002368172,0.0001966482,0.0002313452,0.0002764342,0.0003401782,0.0003726432,0.0001739243,0.0005172636,0.001708187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008412752,0.0001222212,0.0001529479,0.0001507231,0.00072363,0.0001811673,0.0001760164,0.0001948293,0.0001783361],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000270323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000252729,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008931904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02545149,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999854,0.00002792016,0.00000931374,0.00003595209,0.00003118881,0.00004162576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993311,0.00005474639,0.0003605555,0.00005031914,0.00009687935,0.0001063518],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001819162,0.0001150797,0.9023898,0.0001071,0.00005848371,0.0007881526,0.001383822,0.0000310055,0.07880281,0.0001456343,0.0003367886,0.01565947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000289039,0.0002947075,0.9962579,0.00001425353,0.00001229218,0.0006793301,0.0007802058,0.00005006909,0.001392447,0.00002446361,0.0004867208,0.000004839389],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988241,0.0001599728,0.0000835156,0.0001108756,0.00000500956,0.000004395974,0.00001254567,0.000005456163,0.0007942056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999051,0.0001348227,0.000206617,0.00008798601,0.000007970352,0.000003111267,0.00002611285,0.000001232632,0.0004811769],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008931904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01775986,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04323342174583877,"score_gpt":0.2909333227058556,"score_spread":0.2476999009600169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}