{"id":"W2098976809","doi":"10.1016/s0301-4622(02)00325-3","title":"Volumetric effects of ionization of amino and carboxyl termini of α,ω-aminocarboxylic acids","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biophysical Chemistry","topic":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Chemistry; Hydrogen bond; Molecule; Intermolecular force; Amino acid; Crystallography; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002257173,0.000122054,0.0002248274,0.00002316884,0.00001294717,0.000002605554,0.0001198173,0.000169857,0.000005481405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001171911,0.0001169394,0.00007589687,0.0001835258,0.0001885032,0.000002724464,0.00008129856,0.00005317431,2.829943e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005116334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001347777,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008219592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.701043e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993379,0.00001242652,0.0002113515,0.0002035295,0.000123079,0.0001117859],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994186,0.0000191752,0.0001628798,0.0002709672,0.00007933309,0.00004902713],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001575236,0.00008270347,0.002596075,0.0005527648,0.00003171787,8.925936e-7,0.00001932432,0.000002605374,0.9937099,0.00002058066,0.00001976638,0.002947923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003759809,0.0001701512,0.008001039,0.00002978016,0.00003669267,0.000003809801,0.000006222313,0.0005676276,0.990612,0.00004237505,0.00004941588,0.0001048504],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981447,0.0008236978,0.0002696374,0.000005064757,0.00002749642,0.00008528635,0.00001859878,0.000004355114,0.0006211952],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992372,0.000122205,0.0003245989,0.00000779872,0.00009210999,0.000005042139,0.00003258024,0.00001154146,0.0001669255],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005404964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4768651,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003278828898050348,"score_gpt":0.1886773366598004,"score_spread":0.1853985077617501,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}