{"id":"W2100043909","doi":"10.1002/jms.475","title":"Effect of buffer cations and of H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup> on the charge states of native proteins. Significance to determinations of stability constants of protein complexes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Mass Spectrometry","topic":"Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Protonation; Ion; Crystallography; Electrospray; Lysozyme; Solvent; Molecule; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002694198,0.0005109795,0.0001702455,0.0001087247,0.0001123825,0.0004586909,0.0003625216,0.0002701555,0.001943226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008282366,0.0001533628,0.00009052056,0.0001141498,0.000521611,0.0003811246,0.0002599504,0.0003908063,0.0003103391],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002975372,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003765943,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009913155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009525829,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998343,0.00003382955,0.00001260018,0.00003897911,0.00004340702,0.00003689778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992915,0.0003125564,0.0001387784,0.00003532106,0.00007587765,0.0001459467],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003689511,0.00008099434,0.001395663,0.0002676503,0.00004055272,0.0001283998,0.00009364207,0.0003591186,0.9880592,0.0001661644,0.0002602258,0.005458962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004230348,0.0003272489,0.00236981,0.00001120565,0.00002186747,0.00007260754,0.000040612,0.0005131699,0.9951286,0.0000657398,0.001397904,0.000008866996],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914751,0.003263762,0.001051418,0.0002445292,0.00009699808,0.00005762769,0.0005990343,0.0002024347,0.003009047],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963309,0.0008825061,0.001209828,0.000207589,0.00002008439,0.00002490805,0.0002530031,0.00003951785,0.001031759],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001943226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006500781,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01151862252243039,"score_gpt":0.2566755115392275,"score_spread":0.2451568890167971,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}