{"id":"W2100505473","doi":"10.1109/ultsym.2015.0086","title":"Nonlinear model of acoustical attenuation and speed of sound in a bubbly medium","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Ultrasound and Cavitation Phenomena","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Attenuation; Acoustics; Nonlinear system; Resonance (particle physics); Microbubbles; Sound pressure; Nonlinear acoustics; Amplitude; Bubble; Acoustic attenuation; Physics; Mechanics; Acoustic resonance; Acoustic wave; Ultrasound; Computational physics; Optics; Atomic physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003261002,0.00004122122,0.0001090191,0.00003894079,0.000006141174,0.000007985297,0.00004901806,0.00002665325,0.00004607179],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001407711,0.00003323148,0.000008380803,0.00006285639,0.00008157394,0.00009934155,0.00001834395,0.00002118431,0.000007856721],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001108875,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006233349,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003625495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002267577,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994472,0.00001803443,0.0001947806,0.00008930999,0.0001777562,0.00007298004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996763,0.00005636052,0.0000504807,0.00006680981,0.0001011903,0.0000488523],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000375608,0.0000790398,0.001999728,0.00001996573,0.000001201722,1.533319e-7,0.001334846,0.003380418,0.9915018,0.001551041,0.00005044157,0.0000437935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003772152,0.0004795528,0.00696244,0.00004598263,0.00004248018,0.000005975819,0.005494187,0.5535197,0.3159375,0.1133733,0.00002399119,0.0003427416],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9875996,0.00001108677,0.01061177,0.0001063303,0.00003770402,0.00005518302,0.00001458893,0.000007084405,0.001556653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9851341,0.00000160588,0.01466183,0.00004112016,0.00001697474,9.318187e-7,0.00000403342,0.000003147643,0.0001362341],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6755643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1355141,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04452489525734962,"score_gpt":0.2821988614845756,"score_spread":0.237673966227226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}